All of the following are referred to as noise except

All of the following are referred to as noise except the clear message content.

Clear message content is important for ensuring effective communication and coordination. This involves using plain language, avoiding jargon, and making sure that the message is tailored to the audience’s needs.  FEMA training manual states, “Ensure message content is clear and understandable. Be clear. Using plain language benefits most people. Avoid jargon and acronyms, passive voice, and complex structures.”

Source: https://training.fema.gov/emiweb/is/is242b/student%20manual/sm_complete.pdf